53 research outputs found
Contrastive Speaker Embedding With Sequential Disentanglement
Contrastive speaker embedding assumes that the contrast between the positive
and negative pairs of speech segments is attributed to speaker identity only.
However, this assumption is incorrect because speech signals contain not only
speaker identity but also linguistic content. In this paper, we propose a
contrastive learning framework with sequential disentanglement to remove
linguistic content by incorporating a disentangled sequential variational
autoencoder (DSVAE) into the conventional SimCLR framework. The DSVAE aims to
disentangle speaker factors from content factors in an embedding space so that
only the speaker factors are used for constructing a contrastive loss
objective. Because content factors have been removed from the contrastive
learning, the resulting speaker embeddings will be content-invariant.
Experimental results on VoxCeleb1-test show that the proposed method
consistently outperforms SimCLR. This suggests that applying sequential
disentanglement is beneficial to learning speaker-discriminative embeddings.Comment: Submitted to ICASSP 202
Asymmetric Clean Segments-Guided Self-Supervised Learning for Robust Speaker Verification
Contrastive self-supervised learning (CSL) for speaker verification (SV) has
drawn increasing interest recently due to its ability to exploit unlabeled
data. Performing data augmentation on raw waveforms, such as adding noise or
reverberation, plays a pivotal role in achieving promising results in SV. Data
augmentation, however, demands meticulous calibration to ensure intact
speaker-specific information, which is difficult to achieve without speaker
labels. To address this issue, we introduce a novel framework by incorporating
clean and augmented segments into the contrastive training pipeline. The clean
segments are repurposed to pair with noisy segments to form additional positive
and negative pairs. Moreover, the contrastive loss is weighted to increase the
difference between the clean and augmented embeddings of different speakers.
Experimental results on Voxceleb1 suggest that the proposed framework can
achieve a remarkable 19% improvement over the conventional methods, and it
surpasses many existing state-of-the-art techniques.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ICASSP 202
Deep reinforcement learning for automated radiation adaptation in lung cancer
Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141551/1/mp12625.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141551/2/mp12625_am.pd
Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine Was Related to Lower Risk of Osteoporotic Fracture in Sarcopenia Patients: Evidence from Population-Based Health Claims
Introduction: With population aging, sarcopenia and its accompanying risk of osteoporotic fracture has drawn increased attention. Nowadays, while Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is often used as complementary therapy for many medical conditions, its effect against likelihood of osteoporotic fracture among sarcopenia subjects was not fully elucidated yet. We therefore conducted a population-level study to compare osteoporotic fracture risk for sarcopenia persons with or without CHM use. Methods: Using the patient record from a nationwide insurance database, we recruited persons with newly diagnosed sarcopenia and simultaneously free of osteoporotic fracture between 2000 and 2010. Propensity score matching was then applied to randomly select sets of CHM users and non-CHM users. All of them were tracked until end of 2013 to measure the incidence and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for new new-onset fracture in multivariable Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Compared to non-CHM users, the CHM users indeed had a lower incidence of osteoporotic fracture (121.22 vs 156.61 per 1000 person-years). Use of CHM correlated significantly with a lower fracture likelihood after adjusting for potential covariates, and those receiving CHM treatment for more than two years experienced a remarkably lower risk by 73%. Uses of several herbal formulae were correlated to reduced risk of osteoporotic fracture, such as Caulis Spatholobi, Xuduan, Duzhong, Danshen, Shu-Jing-Huo-Xue- Tang, Du-Huo-Ji-Sheng-Tang, Shao-Yao-Gan-Cao-Tang, and Shen-Tong-Zhu-Yu -Tang. Conclusion: Our study depicted that cumulative CHM exposure was inversely associated with osteoporotic fracture risk in a duration-dependent manner, implying that CHM treatment may be embraced as routine care in preventing incident osteoporotic fracture
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